Glassworking apparatus



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GLASSWORKING APPARATU S Fnedfmm 1o, 1922 a sheets-sheet 1 Jsse vaa and avm @Pega NVENTORS 15, 192:12, 1,501,868 J. M. SAID ET AL.

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` J. M. SAID ET AL GLASSWORKING APPARATUS Filed April lO 1.922' 6 Sheets-Sheet l Jesse f Sei/M ATTORNEY BY Qt E M/QS july 15, 19249 1,501,868

J. M. SAID. ET AL GLASSWORKING APARATUS Filed April 1o, w22 5sneetssheet 5 J'ge g1.; 1,011.. j

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J. M. SAID ET AL GLASSWORKING APPARATUS Filed April lO, i922 6 Sheets-Sheet Je@ M Said @mi awd E 0ra1gRs INVEN ATTO RN EY Patented July l5,

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.Tassa M. snlD AND 'DAVID n. GRAY, or commun, Yoan, assistito CORNING GLASS WORKS, 0F CGRNING, NEW YORK, A CORPORATXON OF N i YORK.

GLASSWORKINHG APFTUS.

Application filed. april 10, 1922. Serial 1Gb. 551,198.

T 0 all whom @my concern.'

Beit knownv that We, Jnssn M. SAID and DAvIo GRAY, both citizens of the United States of America, residing at Corning, in-

the county of Steuben and State of Newl York, have invented new and useful lmprove'ments in Glassworking Apparatus, of i which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improve ments in machines for forming articles of glassware. We have illustrated our invention in the accompanying drawings as applied to the glass press shown in United States Letters Patent No. 1,171,928, issued Februar 15, 1916, to George` E. Cleveland. but it will be understood that the same may be likewiseapplied to other glass working apparatus.

`The prime object of our invention is to 'provide new and useful improvements in the plunger actuating mechanism of glass pressing machines. in the specific embodiments of our invention which we have chosen for illustration purposes, o-ur invention comprises the use oi".- ioating levers and links which are interposed between the bottom of the fluid pressure cylinder of a glass working apparatus and the plunger cross head, said levers connecting the pis ton rod depending from the cylinderito the plunger cross head, so that increased pressure will be imparted to the plunger, as the piston rod descends. In this-,manner novel means are provided for utilizing low Huid pressure to obtain suiiicient plunger pressure so that better results are obtainedv `in the finished articles.

Our invention also comprises certain new and v.useful improvements in the construction, arrangement and combination oi" the several parts of which it is composed vas will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

Referring to the ingszigure 1, is a side elevation of afluid pressure actuated glass working apparatus showing one form of our invention applied thereto, the parts being in the position they assume when the plunger4 is. raised;

Fig. 2, is a view showing the parts in the ition they assume when the plunger is in the mold;

accompanying draw Fig. 3, is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing another form of theinvention;

Fig. e, is a view similar to F ig. 2, show.-

ing the form ofthe invention illustrated byFig.3; A1

Fig. 5, is an' end elevation of the parts shown by Fig. 4, and

Fig. 8, is a horizontal section taken on the line 6 6 of Fig. 4. v

The improved mechanism herein shown and described is particularly adapted to be used for the purpose of producing articles from the well known pyrex glass. D'ue to certain characteristics ot' this glass, the usual form of pressing apparatus has proved deficient for .the purpose of forming high grade articles. lt has been found necessary to increase the amount of plunger pressure inv order to distribute the lass evenly throughout the mold cavity. his :could have been done by increasing the'amount of pressure exerted against the piston rody of glass working apparatus, either by increasing the size of the iuid pressure cylinder, or by increasing the quantity of fluid pressure, and the piston pressure so increased would have corres ondingly increased the E0 plunger pressure. ut under conditions existing in most glass working establishments, the amount of fluid pressure available for use in operating glass working apparatus is limited and therefore, it was'I found desire5 able to `provide means for increasing the plunger pressure without the necessity-0f l increasing the amount of Huid pressure.

However, besides plunger pressure, another factor is desirable in glass working ou apparatus, and this is, plunger jspeed. As is well known the construction of manually operated glass working apparatus is such that the pressingl plunger is first brought quickly down into the molten glass N in the mold, a-ndthen the downward movef ment of the plunger is retarded, While the plunger force is increased, whereby the glass will be properly distributed throu hout the mold cavity. Therefore, in or er non to produce a like movement of the p reng plunger of fluid pressure glass working apparatus, we have provided mechanica elements that are actuated by the piston rod pressing plunger'isiirst moved downwardly at rapid speed with comparatively little cree,v and later the speed of the plunger is retarded while the rorce exerted by the plunger is considerably increased. lt is also essential to ood results that the iinal pressure, althoug great, must not exceed certain definite amounts, which are goverened by various conditions such as tempera' invention is shown bay Figures 1 and 2,

and will be first described, while the` second form of our invention is shown by Figures 3 to 6 inclusive. lit is to be understood that the salient features of our invention remain the same in both forms illustrated and de scribed. 4

Referring now to Figures 1 and 2 oi the drawings, the various parte are carried on a base 1 above the upper surface of which is a revolubly mounted mold table 2. Arising from the base 1, is a pair of vertical standards 3, one o-said standards being; located outside of the periphery oi the table 2, while the other standard is passed 4upwardly through a central opening in the table 2, as

shown by Fig. 6 of the drawings.

The upper ends ci the standards 3 are threaded and on them is mounted for vertical movement the press head. This comprises a casting 4, in the form of a cylinder having side ears 5. which. are vertically bored to receive the standards 3.

Mounted within the cylinder and project* ing through a stufling box 6 on the lower end thereof is a piston rod 7. A. cross head 8, which is' provided with collars that engage with the standards 3, lis suspended from the side ears 5 of the press head by means of straps 9. ln this manner, the relative position oi the cross head 8 to the press head is constant.

Carried on the standards 3, by slidingly mounted collars is another cross head 10. lhe'cross head 10 is located below the cross head 8, and a press plunger 11 adapted, as will be hereinafter desorilnad. to enter the mold, is carried by and depends downwardly from the eross head lll between the standards 3.

Guided on the standards 2 below the plunger cross head l0, is a lower cross head 12, which is centrally apertrrmil to permit the i'iassagre of the vplunger l1v therethrough in the pressing, the cross head 12 arrying a ring; 13 aid having .v thereto incluses the lower ends of rods 11i, which reject Wardly therefrom and passing t rough the crow head 10, have their upper ends pro vided with heads 15. ln this manner the rods .14: are capable of vertical movement.

A spiral spring 16 encircles each rod 11i between the cross heads 10 and 12 for the purpose of maintaining normal distance between these two members and affording a connection of the desired elasticity. When the cross head 10 is raised by the piston rod 7, as will be hereinafter more t'ully described, the cross head. 12 will also be raised to a point suiiiciently elevated to permit the positioning of a mold 17 under the plunger 11 by the rotation of the table 2, lili hen the piston rod 7 is depressed, the cross heads 1G -and 12 -will also be depressed and the lov/er cross head 12 carrying the ring 18 will be seated on the mold, as shown by Fig. 2.

rl`he piston rod 7 is hollow and has at the lower end thereot' a tappet valve i8. Projecting upwardly from the center of the cross-head 10 and in alignment with the pif# ton rod 7, is a vertical stem 19. Should undue pressure in the cylinder cause the piston rod to descend until the valve 18 engages with the top of the stem 19, the pressure in the head of the cylinder will be released in the manner fully described in United States Letters Patent No. 987,671 issued March 2l, 1911 to George E. Cleveland for improvements in machines for making` articles oi glass. lt will also be understood that the stem 19 acts as positive means for preventing the piston rod from descending beyond a predetermined point.

The piston rod 7 projects downwardly through an opening 20 in the fixed cross head 8.

ins 23, in a collar 21,-which is lined to the ou'er end of the piston rod 7, are pairs 'et oppositely arranged arms 22. The arms are in the nature ot' levers, and their outer ends are pivotally connected by means `of pins 24 to links 25. which lat-ter are pivoted by means of pins 26 to bosses formed on th\e cross-head 8. By means of pins 27, the up!" per ends of the links 28 are pivotallv connected to the arms 22, between the 'pivots 23 and 2.4- thereof, the opposite ends o'r'ltlde links 28 being.r pivoted. by means of pins 29ito the plunger cross head 10. The linking 'of the arms 22to the apparatus as hereinabove described provides floating levers, the operation of which will now be described.

.is shown, when the piston rod 7 is in raised position, the arms 22 will lie at an angle to ythe horizontal. and the links which connect the outer ends ofthe arms to the cross-head 8. will be in an inwardposi tion. T he position of these members, is such,

that the pivot is raised and thus the heads l0 and 12 yare raised by the link 2d. When the piston rod 7 descends,1 the pivote Pivotally mounted by means, oiZ

ion

24 will swing downwardly and outwardly in an arc about the pivots 26. The

rod. Therefore, pivot 27 will haveare` sultant downward and outward movement which in turn, through the links 28, will impart a downward movement to the cross head 10.

AAs the piston rod T approaches the limit nf its downward' stroke, (see Fig. 2), the

arms 22 will be. substantially horizontal, while the links 25 and 28 will be substantially vertical, or parallel to the direction of motion of the piston rod. In this position, the arms 22 become simple levers in which the pivots'24 become relatively fixed, and the motion o f the piston rod 7 will be imparted to the cross head' 10 in the direct ratio of the leverage supplied by arms 22, the component :forces being reduced to direct forces parallel to the direction of motion ofthe piston rod 7.

At the beginninvP of the downward stroke of the piston rod the relative downward motion of the to the combine downward motions of pivots 23 and 24, and this motion will bring the rino 13 'of the cross head 12 into engagement with the top of the mold 17, but as the links 25 approach the vertical, the downward movement of pivots 24 ceases, and, therefore, lhe the relative downward movement of the links 28 is retarded. Therefore, it will be ap arent that the downward movement of the pliin e1 11 is greatest at the beginning of its stro e, and is least as the plunger approaches final pressing position. Thus, whlle the ring 13 1s being seated on top of the mold 17, the plunger 11 will be brought quickly into contact with the charge of molten glass in the mold 17, vand as the glass is being distributed, the downward motion of the plunger will be retarded, while the pressure exerted yby the plunger will be increased.

It 1s to be noted that when the piston rod 7 is in its lowermost position, the links 25 and 28 will be in such position that the forces exerted through the arms 22 tend to bend the same. Furthermore, the forces of the piston rod 7 will be exerted longitudinally in the links 25 and 28, and laterally in the arms the plunthe mold i When the piston rod 7 ascends, ger will be withdrawn slowly from This is beneficial, for a quick u ward movement of the plunger, while it is still in the mold. has e tendency to suckup the glass ivots 23'- being fixed to the collar 21 of the piston rod,

Cpivots 27 will be greatest, due,

lowermost position.

that has just been pressed into form. After the. plunger has been withdrawn from the mold its u )ward movement will .be accelerated until itreachcs its uppermost position.

Referring now to F ig.4, it will be noticed that the links 28a are shorter than the links of thev )referred form of the invention, and that the pivots 27ZL have been brought downwardly in a vertical line, so that the arms 22become bell-crank levers instead of the simple levers shown in Fig. 2. The application of the resultant forces, however, in the down position, is the same as in the form ofthe invention previously described. For the same ultimate leverage, the distance be- .tween pivots24" and 27 is reater than between pivots 24 and 2T, an therefore, the upward motion' of the pivots 27i will be greater for a given stroke of the piston rod 7, than is the case of the pivots '27. Thus, with the same piston stroke, a greater plunger stroke is provided.

Having thus described our invention,

what we claim iszl. In a machine for pressing articles of glass, the combination of vertical standards having slidably mounted thereon a plunger cross head, and levers for actuating said plunger cross head the levers both having a tioating fulcrum and a floating point of resistanceseparated from each other.

2. ln a machine for pressing articles of glass, the combination ot vertical standards aving slidably mounted thereon a plunger cross head, and a .lever for actuating said plunger crosshead, said lever being connected by linksrto the standards and to the 'cross ad respectively, the points of attachment of the lever to the several links being remote from each other.

3. In a machine for pressing articles of glass, the combination of vertical standards having slidably mounted thereon a plun er cross head, and floating levers for actuating said plunger cross heal, said levers being' connected. by links to the standards and `tothe cross head, whereby force -is exerted"l longitudinally in said links and laterally in said levers when the cross head is in vits 4. In a machine for pressing articles of glass, the combination of vertical standards, a fluid pressure cylinder mounted on the upper ends of said standards, a piston rod depending through the lower end of said cylinder, a cross head slidably mounted on said standards, a pressing plunger depending from said cross head land adapted to be forced into a mold, arms having ends pivoted' to said piston rod and their opposite ends linked to the said standards, to at the beginning of the upward movement',

a'ord points of fulcruxn, and links connectone of theirv ing the arms to the plunger cross head, the

. oints oft attachment of the links and arms sing remote rornthe points et tnlcrumi 5. lnfa machine for pressing articles of glass, the combination ot' vertical standards, a fluid pressure cylinder mounted on the upper ends of said standards, a piston rod depending through the lower end of said cylinder, a cross head slidably mounted on said standards, a pressing plunger depending from said cross head and adapted to be forced into a mold, arms having one of their ends pivoted to said piston rod and their opposite ends linked to the said standards7 and links connecting the arms to the plunger' cross head, said last named links being pivoted to said arms intermediate the length thereof. f

6. ln a machine :tor pressing articles of glass, the combination ot vertical standards, a fluid pressure cylinder mounted on the upper ends of said standards, a piston rod depending through thelower end oi said cylinder, a cross head slidably mounted on said standards, a pressing plunger depending from said cross head and adapted to be `forced into a mold, arms having one of their ends pivoted to said pistonl rod and their opposite ends linked to the said standards, and links connecting the arms to the plunger cross head, said last named links being pivoted to said arms intermediate the length thereof, whereby when said piston rod is in its` lowermost position the links connected to the arms will be substantially parallel to the direction of motion of the piston rod.

7. ln a machine tor pressing articles ot glass, the combination of vertical standards, a fluid pressure cylinder mounted on the upper ends of said standards, a piston rod de pending through the lower end of said cylinder, a cross head slidably mounted on said standards, a pressing plunger depending -i'rom said cross head and adapted to be forced into a mold, arms having one of their ends pivoted to said piston rod and their opposits ends linked to the said standards, and links connecting the arms to the plunger' cross head, said last named links being pivoted to said arms intermediate the length thereof, whereby when said piston rod is in its lowermost position the links connected to the arms will be in such position that the forces exerted through them will be substantially parallel to the direction of motion oi the piston rod.

8. ln a 'machine Jfor pressing articles ot glass, the combination of vertical standards, a fluid pressure cylinder mounted on the upper ends of said standards, a piston rod de-, pending through the lower end or said cylinder, a cross head slidably' mounted on said standards. a pressing plunger depending from said cross head and adapted to be forced into ay mold, arms haringone of their ends'pivoted to said piston rod and their opposite ends linked to the said standarde, and links connecting the arms to the moines plunger cross head, said last named links he ing pivoted to said arms intermediate the length thereof, whereby torce is exerted longitudinally in said links and laterally in said arms.

9. ln a machine for vpressing articles or glass, the combination of vertical standards, a fluid pressure cylinder mounted on the upper ends of said standards,a-piston rod depending through the lower end of seid cylinder, a cross head slidabl mounted on said standards, a pressing plhnger depending from said cross head and adapt/ed to loe forced into a mold, arms having one of their ends pivoted to said iston rod and their opposite ends linked to t 1e said standards, and links connecting the arms to the plunger cross head, said last named links being pivoted to said arms 'intermediate the length thereo't, whereby when said piston rod is moved downwardly the plunger movement will be decelerated in relation to the movement of the piston rod.

l0. ln a machine for pressing articles or glass, the combination oit vertical standards, a iuid pressure cylinder mounted on the upper ends ot said standards, a. piston rod depending through the lower end oit said cylinder, a cross head slidably mounted on said standards, a pressing plunger de ending from said cross head and adapte 'forced into a mold, arms having one of their ends pivoted to said piston rod and their opposite ends linked to the said standards, and links connecting the arms to the plunger cross head, said last named links being pivoted tosaid arms intermediate the length thereof, whereby when said piston rod is moved upwardly the movement oli the plunger will be slower at the beginning of the pis'- ton stroke than the movement et the piston rod.

1l. ln a machine for pressing articles or glass, the combination of vertical standards, a fluid pressure cylinder' mounted on the upper ends oi said standards, a piston rod depending through the lower end oi" said cylinder, a cross head slidably mounted on saidA standards, a pressing plunger depending from said cross head and adapted to he forced into a mold, arms having one o their endspivoted to said piston rod and their opposite ends linked to the said standards, and links connecting the arms to the plunger cross head, said last named links beingn pivoted to said arms intermediate the length thereof, whereby when said piston rod is moved u pwardly the movement of the plunger will he accelerated in relation. to the more ment of the piston rod.

l2. ln av machine 'for pressing articles glass, the. combination or vertical stand arde. a fluid-pressure cylinder mounted on the upper ends et. said standards, e piston rod through the lower end ci? to he,

cylinder, a plunger cross-head slidaloly t-Wo links to the lever being remote from each mounted on said standards, a oating leverother.

for actuating said plunger cross-head, said In testimony whereof, We have hereunto 10 lever being pivotally carried from said pissigned our names this 8th day of April 1922.

ton, and links pivoted 'to the lever and to the standards, and the plunger cross-head JESSE M. SAU). respectively, the points ofattachment of the l DAVD E. GRAY. 

